Improvement in brick-machines



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JMW uw N.FETERS. PNOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTUN. D C.

VI/fft Le a ses. In, ff/L forli N.FETERS. FHOTD-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHlNGTON. D,Cy

ttniw'diai ner.

Leers Patent Np. 108,012, dated october 4, 1810.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-MACHINES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same We, DAVID P. DOBBINs and-JAMES SANGsTEn, of the .city of Buffalo, county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bi'ick-Waellines, of which the following is a specification.

Nature mul Objects ofA the Invention. The first part of our invention relatesl to mechanism for delivering the brick from a machine having a Y double setof molds and pistons, operatingalternatcly; and

It consists, in lthe combination with such a machine, ot' an intermlttently-moving carrier, arranged to move m a line with thelmolds thereof', each progressive the same past the molds, and a device for giving an intermittent progressive movement to said trays, and this part of ourtinvention consists in the arrangement of said feeding device, beyond the main frame of the machine, and below the track or guide-way, so that the trays may be conveniently presented to its action, and pushed forward, the one by the other, through the machine, without the necessity of coup- -ling or connecting them together.

i The third part of our invention relates to a feeding device, `suoli as abovementioned, and 'consists in the `combination of a pawl ordog with a cross-head, hav-A ing a combined reciprocating and rocking motion, whereby said paw] is .made to engage' with equidistant holes cutin the tr ays,`and move forward, disengage, and return, thus giving the required intermittent progressive motion thereto, and enabling thc trays to be constructie-din a cheap and simple man- 'lhc fourth part of our invention relates to means for Icompacting the clay `in the molds preparatory to pressing; and it consists in" arranging a drop-piston or wc1ght,'so timedtand `directed in its movements that ltwrll pass through the charger and act upon the clay, immediately after it has been deposited in the'vv ers, one arm of said double lever carrying the camrollcr, and the other arm being connected with said single lever by an adjusting-screw or bolt, so that the vertical movement of the delivory-followerl may be readily adjusted, and any lost motion, occasioned by the wear of the cam or other parts, taken up,wl1en required.

The sixth part of' our invention relates to the movement of the brick-delivery followers, and it consists in so shaping the actuating cam that, when the followers rise to receive the brick, a slight additional movemcnt will be imparted to them, after the mold opens, so lthat, iu case the brick adheres to thc end of the piston, it is released, and its dcsccnt with the follower insured.

The seventh part of our invention relates to a brickmaohinc, having' astationaryanda movablepiston, and a reciprocating mold-box, which latter, during the act of pressing the brick, moves in the same direction, but with only halt' the velocity of the moving piston, and this part of our invention consists in so shaping the actuating-cam that the movement of said moldbox will be increased in velocity during the irst part of the'pressing movement, the object being to equalize the density of the clay in the mold.

The eighth pai-tof our invention consists inthe combination of radins rods and links, to transmit the motion from the cams to the reciprocating mold-box, said radius arms being hung at right angles to the links, or substantially so, with `thecam-rollers attached at or near their points of connection with the links, so that said-radius arms will resist the lateral thrust' of the cams, and avoid a great part-of the friction incident to the use ot' slides.

The ninth part of our invention consists in the arrangement ot' deccting-plates, below the mold-box and pistons, but above the -tray guide-way, at such points as tio catch and deflect the dust and fine clay which escapes through the perforations of thc pistons, and prevent the same ilom falling upon the linished brick being-delivered upon the trays.

General Description.

In the accompanying drawing there are five s hects, containing ninetccngures, allot' which-are drawn to a scale of one inch to the foot, except' figs. 1, and 14,V I figs. 1 and 2 being drawn. to a-scale of eleven-sixtceuths of au inch to the foot, and tig. 14 to a scale armed levers for moving the deliveryfollowers, and v Figure 5 is a perspective view and a transverse seetion of the sleeve or frame for connecting the supplytubes with the mold-chargers.

Figure 6 represents the lower levers for carrying the delivery-followers.

Sheet 3, Figure 7, is a plan ot' the machinery, below the mechanism for feeding the clay to the molds, and a section through one of the cam-wheels.

Figure 8 is a side view of the main crank-shaft.

Sheet 4, Figure 9, is an endview of -the machine, slide-way for the boards or trays, and the device for conducting the dust and clay which falls from the perfor-ations in the pistons away from the brick.

Figure 10 is a plan view of the frame of the machine and slide-way for receiving the trays.

Figure 1.1 is a side View of the main frame.

Figure 12 is a side elevation, showing the arrangement of the levers for moving the deliveryfollowers, the slide-way through which the trays for carrying olf the brick are moved, and the radins arms, cam-rollers, and links, for moving the sliding mold-boxes.

Figure 13 is a front view of one of the deliveryfollowers.

Sheet 5, Figure 14, represents one of the camwheels for giving thc necessary movements to' the sliding molds and the ydelivery-followers.

Figures 15 and 16 are, respectively, a side and front elevation ot' one of the sliding mold-boxes and charger.

Figure 17 is'a front view of one of the perforated pistons.

Figures 1S and 19 are, respectively, a. front or end view and a top `Jiew of two of the pressing-pistons without the ncsing.

Like letters designate like parts in each ot' the tigures.

The Frame.

A represents themain frame. It is east iu one piece, as shown in sheet 4, figs.. 9, 10, and 1l, with openings lengthwise ot' the same, shown at A, iig. 9, for receiving wrought-iron strengthening-bolts, as' shown in Iig. 12, marked Al. They are kept in place by the lmts A2, thereby greatly increasing the cohesive strength of thc machine.

The letters J represent four boxes, for receiving the radins arms. Y

L represent openings through the sides of the frame, two on cach side, for receiving the slides N of the sliding mold, shown iu fig. 15'.

The letters M show projections from thc top, 'for receiving the feet of the arches.

D, in tig. 12, and lll are projections from the bottom ot' the frame for receiving the legs.

K is an opening through thc sides, ator near the Center, to receive the boxes for'the crank-shaft..

t) represents the legs for supporting the frame, and

O' one of the. legs for supporting the center of the frame, there heilig two, one on each side. They also support the arms or levers for operating the deliveryfollowers.

11 is a central brace, for binding together the fraaie and arches 1),-to which it is bolted, as shown in iig. 12.

lt represent the stationary platens, which are cast in one piece with the main frame.

lt' represent the movable pistons, which al'e opel'- atcd by the rotation of the ycrank-shaft C, through the medium ofthe connections C. They are both connectedto the same erank,and therefore operate alternately, and are guided in their movements by the sliding mold-box, through which they pass, and also by boxes sliding in the slots K in themain frame.

The Sliding llIoIfl and its Connections.

In sheet 5, figs. 15 and 1G, N1 represents the Atop of the mold-box.

10eme 2 N2, the charger, for receiving the clay from the snpply-tubes Z.

It is cast in one piece'iwith the top, for the purpose ot' securing strength, 'excepting the bracket S, which is bolted to it. The bracket S forms abottom for the tube Z when the charger is in its forward position.

N 3 is the bottomplate.

N, a center or division plate.

N N represent the parts of the sides ot' the moldbox, which pass through and slide in the slots or openings in the sides of the frame.

The molds, as a whole, arc lettered N8.

N'i is a pin for holding the connecting-link, and

N7, a smaller pin, at the end of the same, for receiving a washer for keeping the said conueeting-link in place.

N5 represent lining plates, with which the four sides of the mold are lined. They are fastened in place by means of counter-sunk screws, and are arranged so as to be easily taken ont when worn, and replaced by new ones or repaired, or so they can be taken out and turned over, so as to use the opposite sides before replacing them by others.

A vertical section is shown through the mold-box,

charger N2, and bracket S, in tin'. 3. .E in tig. 12 represents the links connecting with the mold by means of the pins N6. The opposite ends are connected to the radius arms F by means of a pin. There arefour ot' said links, two on cach side of the machine.

G represent the. cam-rollers, ot' which there are two on each side ot' the machine, arranged so as to turn easily upon a pin on the radius arms, and are kept in place by a washer screwed or otherwise fastened to said pin.

F represent the. radins arms, arranged two at each end ofthe machine, opposite each other, upon a shaft which is supported in the boxes J, as shown in fig.

The object of the radius arms and connections is to take the lateral thrust of the cams, thereby relieving the sliding molds of a great part of the friction ings L.

The cams for actuating the sliding molds are cast in one piece with the large driving-wheels, but may be cast separate aml bolted on, so as to be moved or taken oli, or so as to be adjusted as the parts wear away; but we prefer making them in one piece with the wheel, and large enough to allow for wear.

I n sheet 5, fig. v14: represents one of the large caml wheels and cams, for transmitting the necessary movements to the sliding molds. It isagrooved or inside cam, large enough for the friction-roller G to move easily within it. During the revolution of the wheel it imparts tive movements to the mold-boxes. The first movement is produced by theangnlar movement of the cam from e to f, and carries the moldboxes forward a distance of eight inches, thns open ing the mold to receive the clay from the charger. The box then remains stationary from fto g. The second movement is produced by the movement of the cam from g to h, aud moves the mold back toward the center of the machine liveinches and live-eighths, thereby inclosing or covering the clay, and at the same time compressing it against the movable pistons, and partially carrying it away from the stationary pistons, thereby leaving a vacant space between the said pistous and the clay, which necessitates a further movement, to equalize it within the mold, before the action for condensing it equally on both sides commences. This we accomplish by the third movement of the cam, from a to b, bringing the mold forward toward the end of the machine one-halt` of an inch, or nearly so, with aveloeity great-er than onefhalf of the velocityr ofthe moving piston. The fourth movement is produced by the movement of the cam from incident to the motion of the slides N in the openb to e, carrying the mold still forward one and onehalf inch, or nearly so, moving atene-half of the velocity of the moving or pressing piston, and in the same direction. The` i'lfthl movement isproduced by the motion of the cam from c' to d, and carries the i moldbackward five and three-eighths inches, thereby uncovering the brick,- a-rid leaving it iu'positiou for,

the,delivery-followers :toreceive it. The mold now The llfccianism for Receiving and Delivering tlm '.Briccs.

Q represents the guide-way, in which the trays X are supported and guided iu their progressive movement underthe molds. v

P3 represent the delivery-followers, which move up` to receive the bricks as they are delivered from the mold, and down to deposit the same upon the trays, said followers 'being forked, as represented in g. 13, so thatthey may cross the line of movement of the trays.

In figs. 4, 6, and 12, l1 represents the lower level',

which, in connection with thelevers l l)2 Q2, operate.

and retain the parallelism of thcrlelivery-followers l.

They are arranged upon a shaft, as shown in iig. (i,

and arejointcd at T2, on the center leg O', and to the lower part of the followers at Ti. A

P s'a double-armed lever,l arranged tonieve on an axis at T, outside ofthe center leg, and

Q2 a single-armed level', upon the same axis, upon the inside of the center leg. A plan of the said levers combined is shown in sheet 2, fig. 4.

The lever Q2 is'connectcd to. the follower at T, and directlyopposite is a lighter arm, connected to the other side of the follower 4at a point opposite T3, and the arm P is secured to the arm Q2 by means of the bolts Itzaud R3, which alle w the relative angular position of 1 and Q to be easily changed, to

secure a proper vertical adjustment of the followers as the parts wearby use.

The delivery mechanism is duplicated at both ends of the machine, and each receives its motions by means of the cam-rollers T, on the arms Q of lever l, and the ca'm on the driving-wheels, marked 6, 7, and 8, the part marked 6 of said cam moving from l to m, carrying the delivery-followers I3 up far enough' to slightly bear against the brick as soon .as the withdrawal of the mold-box partially uncovers the same.` It then remains stationary from m'to 7, until the mpldl is drawn oiI" so as to fully uncover vthe brick.` 'lhe'part marked i 7 new Ygives the follower a slight Vadditional movement upward, so as to release the Y,lnickfrom 'the end of the piston, in ease it shoulda'dhere thereto. y The part 'marked 8, in its motion from "a to o, insures the descent of thefollower, and the delivery of the brick upon the trays below it.

'The llechan'ism forMofving the Trays.

l v (see gs. 1 and 3) represents the box for holding' 'tedguides `V*. pawl receives both a rocking and reciprocating motion, by means of its connection with V1atV,w`hicl1 is eccentric toV. A movement ofthe connection V1 forward causes a rocking motion oi' the dog upward, until the double hook V7 touches the pin W,'when therocking motion is ar and disen gages the pawl from thetray, and then re-v turns said axis and pawl to the psition shown in fic. 1, ready to engage with the next hole in the tray, as before. v lX (see iig. 3) represent the trays in the box. They are prevented from moving forward by the end X2, excepting the lower board, a space being left below X4, so that it may pass under, as shown at X1. As the lower board passes out, the one above will drop into its place, and be progressed in the same manner.

The arrangement of the holesin the'trays is shown 4'in the plan, ii". 7 and marked Y.

,The progressive movement of the shaft V5 and, pawl V must be equal to more than twice the thickness of the brick, for reasons before stated;

lllaehine'ry for Feed-mythe Clay. Z (see sheets 1 and 2) represent the supply-tubes,-

, located above the chargers; and Z1 the hopper for receiving the clay from the elevator; and Z2 the double charger, arranged to slide below it, as shown; and Z? the charging-ehanlibers in the same. It receives its motion by means of the connection Z and Z, which is moved by the shaft Z, to which it is attached by means of a sliding box, said shaft being attached to the sliding 'boxes \V.

W3 represents thc loose sleeve connecting the snpply-tubc Z with the charger N2.' The weight of the sleeve keeps it constantly seated upon the charger,

thus making avtight connection without undue frietion.

In iigs. 3 and i) the let-ters Y represent the shields for protecting the brick, as they pass through and out ofthe machine, from dustand vfrom the clay which escapes from the perforated pistons.

The devicefor compacting the clay in the mold, preparatory to pressing, is shown inligs. 1 and 3.'

Sl represents the weight or piston, and S2 Si S represent the levers for lifting, guiding, and dropping the same. The levers are operated by means of the roller S, which is attached to and mores with the drivingwheel. As the said roller `moves against the arm S" it brings the arm Sinto the position shown in fig. l, when it engages with the hook of the weighted hookpawl S5, thus suspending the weight until the next revolution ofthe wheel brings the roller S against the weighted part of the pawl S5, releasing the weight, and allowing it to drop into the position, as shown in fig. 3. p

It is important that a` certain quantity of clay of' a certain. density should be supplied to the molds for the production .of cach brick. The charger N2, in connection with the action of the mold-box, secures the proper quantity, but the density is liable to great va"- riation. It is the purpose of the drop-piston to secure this uniformity of density, by vsubjecting the quantity cut off by the charger, (and which is somewhat more than suticient to till the mold,) before the mold is closed, to a given pressure. Provision should he made for extra weights, like scale-weights, soY that any desired increase or diminution in the weight of the piston may be readily obtained, tosuit clays of different qualities. l

)Vh'at we claim as our invention is- Y 1., v"lh'e arrangement, with relation to'each other, of

the double set of molds N3, the interniittently-inovii1g hriclvtrnys X, sind guide-wily Q, :is hereinbctbre set forth.

2. The :lrrnngninent of the reciprocating rock-shaft V5 :1nd pnirl or equivalent feeding mechanism, beyond the main fnnne ot' the machine, :ind below the guide-way Q, in the manner set forth, so that the trays may be convenientbf presented to its action, and pushed forward, the one hy the other, through the nmchine, without the necessity of couplingr them to gother.

3. The trays X, when provided with the apertures Y, in combination with the pnwl Y, reciprocatingund rocking-shaft or cross-head Y?, when said parts are constructed nndnrrnngcd to operate as and for tho purpose herenbctore described.

4. The combination :md nrrngemcnt of the droppiston S1 with thc charger N2, substantially ns hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination, with the delivery-followers I and levers P1, of the double lever l? and single lever Q2, and the adjusting-bolts R2 R, ns hereinbefor set forth.

6. The part 7 of the cam, for actuating the delirery-followers P, whereby zt slight additional movement is imparted to said followers, after the mold opens, substantially as hereinbet'ore set forth.

ing mold-box, whercby'the velocit-y of the mold-box during' the rst part of the pressing movement is inilitnesses to the signature of'D. I. DOBBINS:

.. `WH. Fonmfnn,

JAMES SANGsTEn. Witnesses to the signature of J. SANGsTEn:

W. H. FORBUSH, Trios. H. SENIOR.

1. The part a i of the cam for actuating the slid! 

